principle of mutual understanding and partnership and generally strengthening the federal system,
through undertaking capacity building and other developments.
Capacity building training and support is given to ensure rapid and sustainable growth and harness
the gap in development between regions. On this basis, an action plan was prepared in 2011/12 and
developmental offices established to effect resettlement on the basis of free consent to ensure
availability of public services for all areas and people. Consultations were held at various levels
within the relevant areas of the four support deserving regions before the resettlement programs
were launched. The government allocated a special budget for the regions to ensure the rights of the
people to public services and all facilities were provided. These include:
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Water well constructions
Health facilities
Educational institutions
Health centers
Preparation and harvesting of farm land
Resource provisions including human, material and technical assistance
Construction of houses
Agricultural sector assistance including veterinary services, skills training and infrastructure
provision and Sanitation development
THE RIGHT OF PEOPLES’ TO FREELY DISPOSE OF THEIR WEALTH AND
NATURAL RESOURCES (ARTICLE 21)
Ownership and Possession of Wealth and Natural Resources
Constitutional Measures
As provided under Article 40 and 89 of the Constitution, the right to ownership of rural and urban
land, as well as of all natural resources, is exclusively vested in the State and the peoples of Ethiopia.
The Government has the duty to hold, on behalf of the People, land and other natural resources and
to deploy them for their common benefit and development. Land is a common property of the
Nations, Nationalities and Peoples of Ethiopia and is not subject to sale or to other means of
exchange. The Peoples of Ethiopia as a whole, and each Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia
in particular, have the right to improved living standards and to sustainable development. According
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