Institutional Measures The House of Peoples‟ Representatives (HPR) established a standing committee for women„s affairs to oversee the respect, protection and implementation of the constitutional rights of women. In all regional states and city administrations, women, children and youth affairs bureaus have been created, mandated to attend to women„s affairs. In all federal executive institutions and Ministries there are women„s affairs sections, often at department level, tasked with mainstreaming gender issues. Even at Sub-City and Kebele levels, offices have been established to follow up on women issues. The government has also supported efforts of women to organize themselves by enacting laws to that effect as well as by providing material and technical support. 20 The Federal and Regional Police Commissions, the Ministry and Bureaus of Justice, and Courts of Law, Boards of Pardon, Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commissions have been established to ensure the equality citizens before the law. The Ministry of Women, Children and Youth Affairs has also been mandated by law to manage and administer issues related to the rights of women in a sustainable and participatory framework. Other Ministries are also required by law to mainstream women„s affairs in all their policies, laws, development programs and projects. Administrative Measures The policy documents reiterate that that all laws are applied in identical manner to all members of the society. In line with the principle of equality before the law, the government officials including judges and police officers are made accountable to the same body of law. Hence, government organs put in place mechanisms to ensure that the services and programs are made available to all citizens irrespective of any conditions. Legal instruments including directives and manuals are issued to ensure that all the practitioners in the justice system including police officers, prosecutors, lawyers, judges, correction officers are applying the law indiscriminately. The law enforcement organs monitor that citizens would not suffer from prejudice or enjoy preference because of their origin, faith or political belief. The question of equality is attached to the groups that have been subjected to discrimination on the basis of gender, ethnic origin…etc. In this context, among the plans and programs developed by the government and which have produced positive results in translating into action the predicates of women„s rights, the following hold prominence:20 The FDRE National Human Rights Action Plan,2013- 15, pg 132 39