101. At present 60.4% of pregnant women are reported to have taken 2 or more doses of the recommended Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) as compared to 48% in 2006. 102. Currently coverage of Insecticide Residual Spraying (IRS) is low with poor diagnostic capacity, abuse of ITNs, low coverage of second dose of SP in pregnancy, unavailability of quality ACTs in the private sector, poor adherence to treatment guidelines and policies have affected the implementation of malaria interventions. P e r c e n t 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 MDG ITN target 80% PoW 2004 - 2011 projection 67% projection 31% 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 MDG Rx target 50% Under 5 child sleeping under an ITN last night Pregnant women sleeping under ITN last night 2020 Figure [2] Prevention and treatment of Malaria in Malawi 103. Dehydration from diarrhoea is one of the major causes of death in young children worldwide. The prevalence of diarrhoea overall is estimated at 17.5 % with 38 % in children 6-12months, a higher % of reported cases without access to improved drinking water and sanitation , and 60% seeking treatment from a formal health provider and 24.2 % of children under 6 months reportedly not receiving any treatment at all. 3 The BoD assessment calculates that the number of episodes of acute diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age is over 13 million per year yet the health service treated only 324,000 in 2010, which suggests only 12% of need is being met. 104. The plan is to increase this by 10% a year for the duration of HSSP through better access to health centres. Reorientation to homemade ORS would reduce the dependence of families on the health sector for what is a common and treatable condition and save money and lives. 3 Malawi DHS 2010 30 | P a g e