14. From 2005 to 2008, Madagascar entered the acceleration and improvement phase of its economic development coordination process; the average growth rate of that period reached 5.7%. 15. This economic performance has been hampered by the political crisis of 2009, which led to a steep decline in the national economy due to : - The closure of many export processing enterprises, following the abolition of the African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA), which caused the loss of hundreds of thousands of jobs; - The freezing of budgetary support and external financing; - The fall of the state budget revenues; - The decrease in the number of international tourists coming into the country; - Inadequate aggregate demand due to lower incomes and household purchasing power. 16. The effects of the global economic recession, climatic hazards (cyclones Hubert, Bingiza and Haruna) and the locust invasion from 2010 to 2013 have largely amplified the effects of the political crisis 17. However from 2011, the national economy has recovered slightly without reaching the performance recorded during the period 2005-2008. 18. It is worth mentioning that the political crisi has hampered the réalisation of human rights in general and children’s rights in particular. Table 1 : Gross Domestic Product Change (GDP) in nominal terms and inflation Year Nominal GDP Growth ( %) Inflation ( %) (Billion Ar) 2013 23 460 2,4 5,8 2012 21 774 3,0 5,8 2011 20 034 1,5 9,5 2010 18 245 0,3 9,2 2009 16 726 -4,0 9,0 2008 16 081 7,1 9,2 2007 13 760 6,2 10,3 Source : INSTAT/Direction des Synthèses Économiques, juillet 2014 b. Social indicators 19. The National Survey on Monitoring the Millennium Development Goals indicators (ENSOMD) 2012-2013 highlighted the following: 4