HIV/AIDS Indicators 2000 2002 No of cases HIV/AIDS 1,533 1,861 99 124 Youth from 15 to 24 years 2004 2,363 156 2005 2,608 173 2007 3,747 236 2008 4,392 297 2009 5,207 370 2010 5,863 403 290. Algeria is among the countries with a low epidemiological profile with a seroprevalence rate of 0.1%. 291. Since the first case was diagnosed in 1985, the number of confirmed cases of AIDS is 1,118 while HIV cases stand at 4,745 as at 31 December 2010. The transmission by heterosexual means is the most predominant. Preventive actions are particularly targeted at the youth within the context of school and university health programmes and through national multi-sectoral programmes devoted to this section of the population with the participation of associations, notably the UNAIDS thematic alliance and the National Office for Combating Drugs and Tobacco Addiction. It is important to mention the opening of 61 Free and Anonymous Screening Centres in all the wilayas of the country. 292. The institutional mechanism for care has been strengthened with the establishment of the National Blood Agency vested with the mandate for Safe Transfusion with the establishment of a compulsory screening of blood donations and its by-products throughout the country during the 1990s; the creation of 8 referral Care Centres for HIV/AIDS and the supply of antiretroviral drugs free of charge. 293. Mental Health: Following the international recommendations by the WHO, Algeria initiated the establishment of Intermediate Mental Health Centres (CSIM) with effect from 2001 in the area of basic services to improve access to care and ensure a better management of drugs and the integration of private practitioners (160 medical consulting offices); the objective was also to reduce the pressure on health care services by aiming at an integrated health-care for drug addiction. One hundred and twenty-nine (129) CISM are operational; 6 CIST and 02 Regional Treatment Centres. Fifty-three (53) Intermediate Care Centres for Drug Addicts and fifteen (15) Treatment Centres are being established. - Social protection and solidarity-based system: 294. Social Insurance: The system includes all branches of social security (9 in all) provided for under the Conventions of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in this domain. The following are subject to mandatory affiliation: - employed persons irrespective of their sector of activity, - self-employed persons, categories referred to as private persons who enjoy some social security service in terms of social insurance and/or occupational accidents/occupational diseases involving persons such as students, persons with disabilities, vocational trainees and beneficiaries of the social safety net etc.… 295. The number of people with social insurance in 2011 was 8,748,906, covering 80% of the population (ascendants, descendants, spouses, beneficiaries, etc.). The social security, on behalf of the State, also takes care of underprivileged persons who do not have any health insurance. With regard to social insurance, they cover five (5) risks: - Sickness Maternity Invalidity Death Unemployment. 49