continental shelf and within the territorial waters and the exclusive economic zone of Namibia shall belong to the State if they are not otherwise lawfully owned. Article 95 (l) of the Namibian constitution states that “maintenance of ecosystems, essential ecological processes and biological diversity of Namibia and utilization of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future; in particular, the Government shall provide measures against the dumping or recycling of foreign nuclear and toxic waste on Namibian territory.” The minerals industry in Namibia is administered by the Minister of Mines and Energy, assisted by the Mining Commissioner and the Minerals Board of Namibia. Certain limitations exist on the export of materials or minerals. No person may, except with the written permission of the Minister, export any source material from Namibia. The exportation of diamonds is also strictly regulated in terms of the Diamonds Act 13 of 1999 and the Regulations passed in terms of this Act. The Nature Conservation Ordinance no. 4 1975 deals with protection of wildlife. The Nature Conservation Amendment Act No. 5 of 1996 provides for an economically based system of sustainable management and utilisation of game in communal areas. In terms of section 114 of the Minerals Act, Act No 33 of 1992, a holder of a mining claim, a non-exclusive prospecting licence or a mineral licence is required to pay royalties to the Commissioner for the benefit of the State Revenue Fund. In Namibia, both Government and private institutions conduct many surveys on various issues of economic and social needs including the three major surveys which is being carried out by the Government, namely the National Housing and Population Census, Namibia Household Income and Expenditure Survey (on living conditions) which take place every 10 years. The Demographic Health Survey which looks at natural health level of the country such as child health, family planning, infant child and adult mortality, nutrition and maternal health, is conducted every 5 years. These - 43 -