FGM/C
Sudan has a long experience on raising awareness of the community to abandon the FGM
practice. Relentless efforts have been exerted by both official quarters and civil society
organizations in this respect. These efforts have paid off, especially in enlightening
society about the health and psychological hazards of FGM practice. The said efforts
have also influenced trends of the public opinion about the harm and uselessness of the
practice. However, the effect on the FGM practice itself still needs transformation in the
approaches and means to make abandoning of FGM practice a collective and cohesive
societal act not just a personal choice. There are successful experiences in this respect
when the Sudanese society collectively abandoned the practices of face cutting (shilukh)
and tattoo.
The FGM continued to be practiced at high rates (90% according to SMS 1999 – Save
Mother Survey). However these rates dropped significantly as the SHHS (Sudanese
Household Health Survey) 2006 revealed. According to this survey the rate dropped to
69.4% and the percentage of mothers wishing to practice FGM on their daughters was
53%. This means that more than half of the girls are facing this problem; which in turn
means efforts must be maximized. Partners have agreed that a national strategy to
eliminate FGM practice must be laid and all sectors must be committed to it. Looking
into similar experiences around the world it appeared that it is possible to abandon
harmful practices within a generation through positive rapid social transformation. In
2004 the NCCW developed a program to eliminate FGM practice in collaboration with
UNICEF and CSOs. The national strategy for the elimination of FGM practice within a
generation was issued in 2008 (the generation was 2008-2018). The strategy was to be
implemented in collaboration between all partners, including government agencies, CSOs
and international NGOs.
The following decisions have been taken to combat the FGM practice:
The Sudan’s Declaration on Safe Motherhood
Decision of the Medical Council No 366, dated 27 August 2003 which
stipulates “Doctors may not practice any act that is harmful or may be harmful
to people, including all forms of FGM practice”.
Decision of the National Assembly No 29, dated 20 June 2007 which reads
“draft necessary legislations that prevent FGM practice and all other harmful
practices”.
Decision of the NCCW, dated 6 September 2007 which recommended
adoption of the national strategy for the elimination of FGM practice within a
generation. Other recommendations included targeting pre-school education as
a mechanism to eliminate FGM practice; training teachers of kindergartens to
deliver positive messages to families and children; disseminate awareness
about the hazards of FGM practice; formation of coordination committees in
the states to work with CSOs and national and international NGOs.
Sum up and say, in view of the current situation, and based on the fact that all partners
have adopted the national strategy for the elimination of FGM practice within a
generation, the program has managed to develop mechanisms for coordination of efforts
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