estimated 101,000 children living in some 42,000 households. These children are on their own, either because their parents were killed in the genocide, died of AIDS or have been imprisoned for genocide-related crimes.8 53. Consequently, health services, education, economic and financial development, and welfare of child headed households were adversely affected. However, over the last years, the Government of Rwanda has made remarkable progress in rebuilding the country and this struggle continues until today. In this area, the most important focus of the government is to restore the economic and financial situation, wealth, health and education of the child headed households. To improve on child health, Rwanda designed a community based health program meant to contribute to the improvement of people at the community level, especially mothers and children. The community health worker in general and the community health worker in charge of maternal and child health care as well as other home-based care providers ensure crucial maternal and child care services starting the time of pregnancy until childbirth in every sector. 54. Primary education is compulsory and free in primary school which is in line with article 20 of the Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda of 2003 as revised in 2015. It states that “Every person has right to education. Freedom of learning and teaching shall be guaranteed in accordance with conditions determined by law”. Primary education is compulsory and is free in public schools. The Government usually identifies families and households that cannot afford the other costs of education, such as uniforms and learning materials, and provides for them. Various options for social protection, such as school stipends or other cash transfer schemes are provided for those children who for economic, social or cultural reasons, tend to stay out of school (including but not limited to girl children, children affected by HIV and AIDS, other vulnerable children). 55. Rwanda demonstrated a strong commitment to children’s rights, having ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in 1990 and provides periodic report on the implementation of this convention. In addition, there is an excellent progress in ensuring children’s rights with a number of law and policies, the establishment of a National Commission for 8 ICTR newsletter (November 2006). Page 22 of 105