passengers   whilst   a   taxi   takes   maximum   five   (5)   passengers.   Therefore   twelve   taxis   on   the   road   can  be  removed  for  one  bus  and  this  can  help  ease  the  traffic  congestion  in  the  city.   With   the   government   about   to   start   the   Rapid   Bus   Transit,   the   MTTU   hopes   people   will   be   encouraged  to  use  public  buses  thus  freeing  up  the  roads.   Another  factor  is  the  increase  in  commercial  vehicles  referred  to  as  “Trotro”.  This  increase  has   not  seen  a  subsequent  expansion  of  stations  thus  some  commercial  vehicles  use  the  roads  as   places  to  load  and  offload  passengers.   Indiscipline  among  commercial  drivers  is  another  factor.   The   Progressive   Road   Transport   Owners   Association   (PROTOA)   is   helping   to   reduce   road   congestion  by  making  sure  all  its  members  have  valid  drivers’  licenses,  roadworthy  certificates   and   service   their   vehicles   regularly.   Also,   member   drivers   of   the   association   undergo   training   and  education  in  road  signs,  rules  and  regulations,  avoidance  of  reckless  driving  and  respect  for   authority  among  others.   In   addition   to   the   above,   the   association   also   makes   sure   that   none   of   its   drivers   overloads   and   take   in   alcohol   on   duty.   PROTOA   has   also   instituted   disciplinary   measures   to   punish   member   drivers  who  are  known  to  have  flaunted  road  rules  and  regulations.  These  measures  range  from   fines   to   suspensions   depending   on   the   intensity   of   the   offence.   The   association   believes   that   this  has  helped  reduce  the  number  of  accidents  on  the  road.   5.8.2   Identify  and  Create  By-­‐Passes  along  Major  Routes  in  Regional  Capitals   The   Department   of   Urban   Roads   (DUR)   is   creating   by-­‐passes   along   the   major   routes   in   the   regional   capitals   but   the   Ghana   Private   Road   Transport   Union   (GPRTU)   points   out   that   they   have   not   noticed   any   major   by-­‐passes   created   by   the   road   transport   authorities.   Those   created   are  all  illegal  by-­‐passes  in  Accra,  especially  on  the  Accra  –  Tema  motorway.   One   big   challenge   the   Department   is   facing   is   the   difficulty   in   ejecting   people   from   areas   earmarked   for   road   construction.   In   resolving   this,   DUR   has   a   team   that   alerts   Accra   97