220. In the rural areas, the proportion is maintained at 22%, while in the urban areas, a slight
reduction is observed (17% in 2001 to 15% in 2007). The percentage of adolescent mothers
is reducing with the increase in the level of education, reducing from 32% among the
uneducated to 11% for those with secondary education. The high fertility rate among
Congolese women is due to the poor use of contraceptives, particularly modern
contraceptive methods. In 2001, only one out of 25 married women used one method of
contraception or another to space or limit births. Nearly half of married women did not even
use natural family planning means. In 2007, only 5.7% of women used modern
contraceptive methods, and 4 out of 5 women used no method. However, the level of
assistance for child delivery has improved, but it still remains poor. Just 6 out of 10 births
are assisted by a qualified medical officer, including 7% by a doctor, 38 % by a nurse, 34%
by a birth attendant and 3% by a midwife, i.e. an average of 80%. Medical assistance also
varies depending on the milieu. It is 94% in the urban areas and 74% i n the rural areas.
221. With regard to antenatal visits, it is observed that on the whole, more than eight out of ten
women (85 %) sought the services of a trained officer. However, the coverage of the required
four visits for ante-natal care has remained poor, although slight progress has been made,
with an increase from 44% in 2010 to 48% in 2014.
222. Given that the health of mothers, new-born babies and children remains a major concern in
the 171. DRC, the vision is to have a Congolese nation where every child born should be a
desired child who should not die from avoidable causes; a nation where every woman would
enjoy good maternal health and should not lose her life or witness a life threatened by
avoidable diseases and disease conditions associated with pregnancy or child delivery, and
finally a nation where men, women and the youth enjoy good quality sexual health free from
STIs and HIV/AIDS as well as from harmful and discriminatory practices linked to sex and/or
gender.
223. For this vision to materialize, the Government of the DRC has been making a lot of efforts
since the launch of the Risk-Free Maternity Initiative in 1987 and, like other countries, acceded
to several conventions, particularly the components of the programme of action of the
International Conference on Population and Sustainable Development (ICPD, Cairo, 1994) in
which Reproductive Health (RH) was defined as the state of the general well-being, both
physical, mental and social of the human being, as it concerns everything which has to do with
the genitals, their functions and functioning, and not only the absence of diseases or
disabilities. This supposes that a person can lead a completely safe and adequate sex life, be
able to procreate and to choose to do so as often or as fewer times as possible. With regard
to women, it is up to them to exercise their right to control their fertility.
224. To fulfil these commitments, the DRC has adopted several national legislative measures,
particularly the following:
Article 3 of the law on sexual violence, amending Articles 172, 173 and 174 of the
criminal code, penalizes any person who engages in sex without the consent of the
woman and takes all the attendant consequences into account.
The statutory instrument on the need to apply Desirable Births/Family Planning in
the DR Congo through activities based on the well-being of the family.
225. In order to resolve all these problems relating to reproductive health and maternal mortality,
the PNSR is active in the Health Zone to ensure that the entire population can access
reproductive healthcare. It is at this level that all RH activities are carried out in
accordance with the strategic pillars and directives of the central level under the supervision
of the provincial framework team. At this level, in accordance with the principle of integration,
it is the operational unit for both planning and implementation of RH activities.
226. For example, the Health Promotion Service of (SPS) of Caritas Congo Asbl, in the DR
Congo, is partnering the Government to implement the Primary Health Care Access Project
(ASSP) in Kinshasa and its environs in order to improve access to quality health care by the
people living in the Health Zones with support from the ASSP project which has set a target of
reaching 80% of assisted births, 92% of one-year old children vaccinated against measles
(Rate of Coverage Anti-Measles Vaccine VAR), 70% o f p r e g n a n t women who have
received at least two doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimthamine (Fansidar), Intermittent Preventive
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