energy and the development of renewable energy is at the centre of environmental protection and improvement of housing. 62. In 2012, the DRC committed itself to the objectives of the initiative “Sustainable Energy for All” due to be achieved by 2030: (i) universal access to electricity, (ii) doubling of the share of renewable energy in the energy mix in order to attain at least a ratio of 30% of the energy used in the country, and (iii) the doubling of energy efficiency. 63. For the past five years, tremendous efforts have been made to increase electricity supply. Government action has focused on improving governance in the sector and on the launch of huge hydro-electric projects. Thus, the country passed a law in June, 2014 liberalising the electricity sector in all its operational branches (production, transmission and distribution). It also designed a mapping plan for renewable energy which has identified more than 780 sites for the development of small hydroelectric stations on its 145 sites. The government has launched several energy projects, among which are the Inga 3 (4800 MW), Zongo 2 (150MW), Kakobola (10.5 MW), Grand Katende (64 MW), Ruzz 3 (145 MW), Nzilo and Nseke (450MW), etc. These are all huge financially demanding hydroelectric projects with the aim of doubling the average rate of access to electricity, increasing it from 9% in 2012 to 18% by 2016 (+_ 2.5 billion USD). 64. In spite of the huge wealth in fresh water resources, access to improved drinking water is low in the DRC: 32.6% of the populations in rural communities and close to 85% of the urban population have access to improved sustainable drinking water. 65. At the institutional level, the water sector is characterized by the restructuring of the National Water and Sanitation Action Committee (CNAEA). Parliament has not yet passed the draft bill on water in the DRC. The country has in place a national sanitation policy and a national hygiene policy. Article 25: DUTY OF PROMOTING THE RESPECT OF THE CHARTER, EDUCATION AND POPULARIZATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS 66. The DR Congo has gotten down to promoting human rights in accordance with the country’s Constitution. For instance, since 2009, the Civic Education and Social Actions Service of the FARDC (National Army) has trained military people in the different regions: 350 peer officer trainers in human rights and international humanitarian law. Furthermore, to enforce Article 45, (6) and (7) of the Constitution, these same rights are taught both at the Military Academy in Katanga and the Staff College in Kinshasa. It is also worth mentioning that the Ministry of Defence and Former Combatants and the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, with the assistance of international and national partners (MONUSCO and others), organize on regular basis training sessions on this theme, particularly for judges and other legal officials. 67. Similarly, the Universities Board of the Congo, a competent body in terms of programme development in the Universities, has adopted a human rights programme at the Faculty of Law. 68. Finally, the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, organized from July 2012 to November 2013, a national popularisation campaign on the law pertaining to the criminalization of torture for the benefit of the defence and security forces and for officials of the prisons service. Article 26: INDEPENDENCE OF THE JUDICIARY 69. This item has been sufficiently developed in the answer provided for the concluding recommendation No. xi. Article 27: DUTY TO RESPECT THE FAMILY AND SOCIETY 70. As indicated in the previous report, the basic family unit of the human community is organized in a manner as to ensure its unity, stability and its protection. It is placed under the protection of public authorities. Care and education to be provided for children are a natural right and a duty that parents must exercise under the supervision of and with the assistance of public 23