228. It is to be pointed out that any foreigner involved or convicted in relation to human trafficking shall be, according to the said law, compulsorily expelled from Tunisian territory as soon as he has served his sentence and will be banned from entering Tunisian territory for ten years if the sentence pronounced relates to an offense, and for ever if the sentence relates to a crime. 229. Tunisian law allows the issue of travel documents to foreigners. The travel documents which can be issued to foreigners are laissez-passers category B, laissez-passers category C and laissez-passers category D. The laissez-passer category B is eatablished for the benefit of foreigners who need to leave Tunisian territory but do not have travel documents issued by the Authorities of their respective countries. The laissez-passer category C is issued to foreigners who have refugee status in Tunisia and this in application of the Geneva Convention on the situation of refugees which entered into force on the 22nd April 1954 and which had been ratified by Tunisia on the 9th May 1969 (law n° 27-1969). The validity of this document is one to two years. It can only be renewed or its validity extended for refugees who reside with regular status in Tunisia. The laissez-passer category D can be issued to foreigners who have the status of stateless persons in application of the conventions in force and notably those relative to the situation of stateless persons, which entered into force on the 6th June 1960 and were ratified by Tunisia in June 1955 (Decree of the 2nd June 1955). The competent Authorities can, at the time of request for issue or of renewal of a travel document of the categories B or C, refuse to issue or to extend the validity of such a document, should they feel that the movements of the person making the request are in violation of public law and order. The decisions of these authorities can be subjected to appeal for abuse of power before the administrative tribunal. ARTICLE 13 Participation in public affairs 230. Article 13 of the Charter stipulates that « every citizen shall have the right to participate freely in the Government of his country, either directly, or through freely chosen representatives in accordance with the provisions of the law ». 231. The Constitution of the Tunisian Republic stipulates that « the sovereignty belongs to the Tunisian people who exercise it in conformity with the Constitution » (Article 3), and that « the people exercise legislative power through the intermediary of a representative Assembly known as the «Deputies’ Chamber» and the « Councillors’ Chamber » (Article 18). I- Participative Democracy A) Multiparty Democracy 232. The internal anchorage point of the ideas of participation and pluralism can be found in both the « Historic Declaration of the 7th November 1987 » reaffirming that the « people is worthy of a developed and institutionalized political life, genuinely based on the multi party system and on the plurality of mass organizations » and in the law n° 88-32 of 3rd May 1988 relative to the organization of Political Parties. The establishment of pluralism thus becomes 51

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