V- Participation of civil society in the promotion of health education 362. The national non-governmental organizations contribute to the effort being carried out by the State in the area of promotion of health education. Among these NGOs, can be cited notably: • • • • • • • • • • The National Union of Tunisian Women (UNFT); The Medical Career Women’s League; The League for the Control of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases; The Tunisian Red Crescent; The Tunsian Family Planning Association (ATPF); The Tunisian Education and the Family Organization (OTEF); The Tunisian AIDS Control Association (ATLS); The Tunisian AIDS Information and Orientation Association (ATIOS). The Tunisian Society for Pedodontics Prevention (STPP); The Health-Environment Association. ARTICLE 17 The Right to Education and participation in cultural life 363. Article 17 of the Charter stipulates that « every individual shall have the right to education » (paragraph 1) and that « every individual may freely take part in the cultural life of his community » (paragraph 2). Paragraph 3 makes the « promotion and the protection of morals and traditional values » a condition for « the safeguarding of human rights ». I- The Right to Education 364. Article 5 of the Constitutional law n° 2002-51 of 1st June 2002, on the amendment of certain Articles of the Constitution, stipulates that « the Tunisian Republic guarantees the fundamental freedoms and human rights in their universal, global, complementary and interdependent meaning ». The right of the human being to education and professional training is governed by the law n° 91-65 of 29th July 1991 relative to the educational system, which stipulates that « the State guarantees to all those of school going age, the right to free education ». Similarly, orientation law n° 2002-80 of 23rd July 2002, relative to education and school teaching, constitutes a new legislative framework of the Tunisian educational system which is aimed at sanctioning the principles of «gratis», of «obligation» and of equal opportunities. A) Education is compulsory 365. Article 1 of the orientation law n° 2002-80 of 23rd July 2002, relative to education and school teaching proclaims that « education is compulsory from six to sixteen years ». According to Article 20, basic education lasting 9 years is also compulsory so long as the pupil is capable of pursuing his studies normally in conformity with the regulations in force. 366. To guarantee a pre-school education for all children, the law institutes a « preparatory year which receives children aged from 5 to 6 years » (Article 17) 78