The training courses at the CFMI culminate in the issuance of a vocational certificate (BP). 321. Sandwich courses come in different forms. Togo’s choice is the dual-type apprenticeship which is an initial training organised in two places: the workshop and training structure. The objective of this kind of training is to provide the trainees with both practical and theoretical training to ensure that they acquire skills in preparation to practise a trade. 322. The dual system was introduced in 1991 at the Regional Technical and Vocational Training Centre of the Maritime Region (CRETFP-RM) and gradually from 1994, it was extended to other CRETFPs in the hinterland of the country. But the different assessments of this system, the last of which was carried out in September 2014, revealed that this type of training is no longer pursued in some centres and in the centres where it has been maintained, but training has slowed down. 323. The reasons for this situation, are, among others, the poor understanding and non-ownership of the concept, the lack of understanding of the roles and responsibilities of the different stakeholders and partners and of partnership between the organisations of artisans and the training centres, the lack of monitoring tools and management of training, the lack of equipment and maintenance of equipment which are sometimes ill-adapted. 324. To reactivate the dual type apprenticeship system in Togo and make it a national concern, the Ministry of Technical Education and Vocational Training, with the support of the Vocational Education and Youth Employment Programme (ProFoPEJ) and the Agricultural Technical Education and Vocational Training (ETFPA) of the German Cooperation (GIZ), developed an implementation guide. The document proposes a consensual definition of the system through the dual type apprenticeship, identifies the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, describes the implementation process, management and monitoring of the dual training as well as the modalities for financing. 325. At the same time, projects have been developed: - contract type of apprenticeship between the apprentice and the master artisan; - cooperation contract between the training facility and the master in charge of the apprenticeship. 98