higher than their qualifications. For instance, to belong to category A1, any civil servant must be a holder of a certificate equivalent to Bac+5. For teachers, belonging to this category requires a certificate equal to Bac+4. 5.6- Measures taken to improve the standard of living of teacheing staff. 307. Teachers receive a teaching allowance, re-opening and library allowances:  Between 2005 and 2015, majority of teachers enjoyed an upward adjustment of their salaries within a range extending from 79% to 200% through a review of their administrative status.  Improvement of the salary scale for all civil servants which also benefitted teachers.  The special status of teachers is nearing completion. 308. In spite of these efforts, some challenges still persist in the area of education. IV- TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION 309. Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is one of the components of the national education and qualification mechanism for employment. The system ensures the acquisition of theoretical knowledge, practical capacity and skills required for practising a trade or skilled job and the adaptation of these skills, knowledge and expertise into technological changes and development of the features of employment. 310. However, it is clear that the system is experiencing difficulties in relation to the vision and it is bedevilled with many woes which constitute an impediment to the attainment of the goals set out by the government for establishing a department responsible for TVET in 1984. The following problems may be mentioned, among many others: - Mismatch between the training provided and the market needs; Discrepancy between the training provided and the fast-moving technology; Training is more theoretical than practical; Outmoded curricula; Inadequate initial training of trainers in preparation for entry into the teaching profession; - Non-existence of initial training structures for TVET trainers; - Lack of continuous training for trainers; - Non-existence of implementing texts for the framework Law of 30 April 2002. 91