187. The Alcoholic Drinks Control Act, Cap 121A, Laws of Kenya provides under section 12 (1) (a) that a license must not be granted to sell alcoholic drinks in any institution of basic education including primary and secondary schools or any residential area as demarcated by written law. The Government is tasked with promoting public awareness through nationwide education and information campaigns in form of education and information campaign which focus on the family as the basic social unit and is carried out in all schools and other institutions of learning, all prisons, remand homes and other places of confinement, amongst the disciplined forces, at all places of work and in all communities in Kenya (Section 65 (2)). Section 66 requires the relevant agency to liaise with the Minister responsible for education, to integrate instruction on the health consequences, addictive nature and mortal threat posed by alcoholic drink consumption in subjects taught in public and private schools at all levels of education, including informal and non-formal and indigenous learning systems. Policy measures to give effect to the right to education 188. Two key policy documents have been formulated. The finalization of the Sessional Paper No. 14 of 2012 on Aligning Education and Training to the Constitution of Kenya and Kenya Vision 2030 (May, 2012) gives guidance on the areas of reforms and institutional strengthening. The Paper proposes reforms that cut across the entire education sector and include policies and strategies for addressing institutional reforms, management and financing of education, the curriculum, teacher education, teacher development and management, and strategies for bringing digital technology within the reach of every Kenyan child. The policy identifies a number of challenges, gaps and concerns that have led to the question on whether the Kenyan Education System, its institutions and programmes are fit for the purpose. Specific issues have been identified including relevance with regard to content and delivery; sufficient flexibility to adapt to the changing socio-economic needs and requisite quality to match global competitiveness and to address challenges of the 21st century. 189. Other issues addressed include effective governance and management; retention and transition rates at various levels; teacher education, management and attrition; effective structure; Standards and Quality Assurance; Monitoring and Evaluation; access especially to the vulnerable and a sufficiently flexible and responsive regulatory framework to deal with the current and emerging challenges and ensure total access, equity and quality. 190. The Sessional Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation aims at providing the national policy framework to acquire, develop and promote science, technology and innovation for national transformation to a knowledge economy. It aims to mainstream application of science, technology and innovation in all sectors and processes of the economy to ensure that Kenyans benefit from acquisition and utilization of available capacities and capabilities to achieve the objectives of Kenya Vision 2030. However, Kenya acknowledges the challenge of lack of integration of culture in the formal education system which impedes cultural creativity and expression. 191. Despite the policy on Free Primary Education, nomadic communities may not be fully benefiting from the education services as shown by their participation rates. Therefore the government has developed a Policy to Guide Nomadic education. This is in recognition of the fact that the needs of nomadic communities are generally complex and that those providing education face even more challenges. Another challenging fact is that education cannot 43