FINAL - The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (the Maputo Protocol), 2005; The African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption, 2006; The African Youth Charter, 2009; The African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance, 2012; The African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (the Kampala Convention), 2012; The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Older Persons in Africa; The Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Africa; 52. The non-ratification of several relevant international human rights instruments, including: - The Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, 1989; The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families, 1990; The Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 2002; The International Convention for the Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance, 2006; The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006; and The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006; The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2008; Adoption of legislative or other measures to give effect to human rights 53. The current laws do not stipulate the rights which cannot be limited under any circumstances, even in emergency situations; 54. The lack of: (i) Clarity on whether the Constitution (1997) is still in force and the delay in the finalization and adoption of the revised Constitution following the process which started in 2015; (ii) Mainstreaming of human rights in the domestic legal system, in addition to the fact there is no Ministry specifically designated to ensure that the promotion and protection of human rights is mainstreamed throughout the Government’s policies and programs; (iii) An independent national institution entrusted with the promotion and protection of the rights and freedoms guaranteed by the African Charter; 7