universal civilisation ; - the development of national creation in the area of artistic and cultural works and artistic practices ; - the protection, preservation and promotion of cultural heritage and national arts; - the development and implementation of measures contributing to the influence of Mali’s culture and promoting exchanges with other cultures. 279. The government promulgated Law No. 10-061 of 30 December 2010 on the amendment of Law No. 85-40/AN-RM of 26 July, 1985 on protection and promotion of the national cultural heritage. This Law clarifies the following issues: - Article 1: “the protection and safeguard of the cultural heritage are carried out by the State, the local authorities and communities”; - Article 2 : “Under the terms of this Law, cultural heritage means all the tangible and intangible cultural assets which, in the area of religion or under normal circumstances are of historical, artistic, scientific and technical and intellectual importance for the State, the local authorities, the communities, groups and individuals. The tangible cultural materials consist of moveable and immovable property”; - Article 5: “the protection of cultural heritage is the totality of measures seeking to defend cultural assets from destruction, transformation, clandestine searches, illegal use and export and from alienation. It is done by registration, inventory and classification as part of the national heritage”. 280. The significant achievements focus particularly on: - “the changes made in the legal arsenal, in particular concerning heritage, copyright and cinema ; - the creation of the Ministry of Culture in 2000 ; - the establishment of new public agencies such as the cultural missions attached to world heritage sites, la Pyramide du Souvenir, la Tour de l’Afrique, the Malian Copyright Office (BUMDA), the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers Multimédia (CAMM) or the African Photography House (MAP) ; - the transformation of several public agencies (National Museum, Cultural Centre, the Bamako International Conference Centre, BUMDA), into public establishments with corporate status and financial autonomy ; - the relaunch of the Cultural and Artistic Biennial in 2003 and the establishment of new activities such as the “Balafon Triangle” International Festival1. 281. The Ministry of Crafts and Tourism contributes also to the safeguard, protection and 1 Taken from page 5 of the Cultural Policy Framework Document, version 3 (15 October, 2011) 59