140. The electronic communications sector is dominated by mobile telephone services. Indeed, mobile telephone services account for more than 99% of all subscribers and about 95% of overall revenue. 141. The private and professional lives of citizens are exposed in cyberspace. The ever-increasing dependence on ICTs makes citizens increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats which could destabilize Chad’s national security, economic prosperity and lifestyles. These cyber threats can become real dangers for families, businesses and the country. 142. In February 2015, Chad enacted laws on cyber security, including Acts No. 07/PR/2015 of 10 February 2015 on the protection of personal data, Act No. 08/PR/2015 on economic transactions and Act No. 09/PR/2015 on cyber security and the fight against cybercrime, which take into account the interests and rights of the child. In this regard, a national strategic framework for the protection and safety of children online has just been developed by the Ministry of Postal Services and Information and Communication Technologies (MPNTIC). 143. The 2014 Annual Report of the Telecommunications Market Observatory highlighted a low ICT penetration rate, particularly in schools and universities, a lack of qualified human resources, a lack of adequate ICT in-service training schools, both in terms of quantity and quality, and a national shortage of training institutions that offer engineer-level programmes in computer science and telecommunications. 144. Despite the wide range of services proposed by the operators, the fact remains that there are deficiencies in the telecommunications infrastructure and tariffs proposed are hardly affordable for the sizeable disadvantaged population, which is a major obstacle to the country’s economic and social development. 145. The installation of the N'Djamena-Komé fibre optic cable did not achieve the expected results. However, it is hoped that the Chad-Sudan (N'Djamena-El Djinena) fibre optic cable installation project, currently under way, will address those shortcomings. K. Freedom of movement and the right to security 146. Article 12 of the African Charter states that “1. Every individual shall have the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of a State provided he abides by the law. 2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. This right may only be subject to restrictions, provided for by law for the protection of national security, law and order, public health or morality. Page 36 sur 87