warning and response mechanisms exist at country level. Furthermore, there seems to be no good infrastructure to ensure prompt and effective responses. The Ministry of Federal Affairs is said to be in the process of developing early warning capabilities. The CSAR also mentions that the Ministry of Federal Affairs is also attempting to monitor religious conflicts that have the potential of becoming violent. However, it is yet to develop the institutional capacity for effective preventive action. Challenges faced and steps taken to address them 114. The CSAR lists seven challenges reportedly faced by regional and international organisations in effectively addressing inter-state conflicts involving Ethiopia. These challenges are: (a) human and financial resource constraints; (b) inadequate logistics and trained manpower to perform large-scale peacekeeping and conflict prevention functions effectively; (c) inadequate coordination between sub-regional and other actors in comprehending and assessing conflict situations; (d) inadequate United Nations follow-up and support on conflicts in the sub-region; (e) the lack of political will on the part of the international community to take resolute action against those who undermine sub-regional peace and security; (f) continental and regional conflict management mechanisms at early stages of development; and therefore, (g) inability to provide sustainable solutions to regional dilemmas and challenges. 115. The CSAR reports that steps taken by regional and sub-regional organisations to address the challenges identified include the following: (a) sensitisation and awareness campaigns in various international fora about challenges faced by regional and sub-regional organisations; (b) advocacy for support to AU and IGAD from the international community; (c) work to strengthen the AU Peace and Security Council so that it can play a lead role in African conflict situations; (d) pressure for predictable and sustained funding by the UN for AU-led peace operations; (e) facilitating the work of the AU Commission with the signing of a Headquarters Agreement revitalising IGAD so that it will be able to play fully its role in sub-regional economic integration, Ethiopia being the current chair of IGAD; (f) appointing a special envoy to follow up on the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Sudan. II. Findings of the CRM Intra-Regional State Conflicts 116. The CRM observed the challenge to Ethiopia in constructing a new federal order. This is against the backdrop of an African and sub-regional environment often characterised by strife and violent conflicts, and an international context characterised by an upsurge of nationalism and sectarianism. Such events have - 73 -