complement Government efforts, NGOs have been involved in raising public awareness
on birth registration. 16
Nationality
Under the Citizenship Act, children born in Tanzania and registered within three months
have a right to Tanzania citizenship regardless of their parents’ nationality or marital
status. The child may also have the citizenship of both parents until s/he attains the age of
majority (18) when s/he will cease to be a citizen of Tanzania unless s/he has renounced
citizenship of other countries and taken the oath of allegiance. Children born outside
Tanzania are considered to be citizens if - at the date of their birth - either of their parents
was a citizen of Tanzania.
Freedom of Expression
Article 7
Both constitutions guarantee freedom of opinion and expression, and freedom to seek,
receive, impart or disseminate information and ideas. The previous restrictions or
limitations in this Article were removed by the 14th Constitutional Amendment to the
Constitution in 2005. Freedom of opinion and expression is also discussed under Article
4 and 12.
Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion
Article 9
Article 3 (1) of the Constitution describes the United Republic as a Socialist State,
without national religion which adheres to multi-party democracy. Freedom to worship
16
The Tanzania Women Lawyers Association and Legal and Human Rights Centre have raised their concern about the
registration of children born out of wedlock. In such cases, the mother cannot enter into the register the name of the
father of the child without him acknowledging himself to do so and signing or affixing his mark to the register. This is
to protect men from being falsely entered into registers as fathers unilaterally when paternity may be disputed. Despite
good intentions, the requirement discriminates against children born out of wedlock by denying them the right to
identity and inheritance rights.
19