leaders, Faith Based Organizations, the Media, Youth Groups, Concerned Citizens, Marketing
Associations, County Officials, Law Enforcement officers, People with Disabilities and other
Vulnerable groups as a means of opinion gathering. Information gathered during the
consultations is reflected in this report.
5.
In addition to the various conferences that were held, the media was engaged to solicit
the views of a wider audience, taking into account their views and suggestions regarding the
human rights concerns in the country, actions taken by the government as well as ongoing
initiatives aimed at protecting the rights of citizens.
1.2 Background of the Country: Social Political Situation and the Human
Rights Implications
6.
Liberia was established by citizens of the United States as a colony for former‐slaves in
1822 and on July 26, 1847, the Colony declared her independence and became a sovereign
nation; however, this was not without events. The colonists of African‐American descent
became known as Americo‐Liberians. Not only were many racially mixed and of European
descent, but their education, religion and culture made them distinct from the indigenous
people, with whom they did not identify. A Constitution was drawn up along the lines of the
United States’ constitution, denying voting rights to the indigenous Liberians.
7.
The Nation, between 1847 and 1980, was governed by the small minority of Americo‐
Liberians who, in 1878 organized their political power in the True Whig Party, which permitted
no organized political opposition. Until 1980, the Americo‐Liberians firmly held onto their
position of authority, meeting with unremitting uprising, rebellion and riots from the native
peoples who accounted for some 95% of the population. The Americo‐Liberians recreated a
cultural and racial caste system, with themselves at the top instead of the bottom, the same
culture which had led the colonist to despair of life in the USA. On the other hand, they
believed in racial equality, and therefore, in the potential of all people to become “civilized”
through evangelization and education. Like many white missionaries before and after them,
they were frustrated by the natives’ lack of interest in becoming “civilized”. Some local people
however assimilated into Americo‐Liberian society, often by marriage. Some entire coastal
tribes became Protestants and learned English. But most indigenous Africans kept to their
traditional languages and religions. Before long, the Americo‐Liberian ruling elite was living
rather prosperously, sending their children to America for high school and college education,
and keeping the indigenous peoples excluded from all political and economic leadership. As a
result, relations between colonist and natives were contentious, and eventually contributed to
the overthrow of the Americo‐Liberian regime in 1980.
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