teach officials in charge of the implementation of laws and standards contained in their instruments to enable them to ensure a fair balance between their key responsibilities of safeguarding public order and protecting fundamental human rights. 227. The Senegalese Army, the police and gendarmerie, and the security agencies in general are known for their professionalism, their sense of Republicanism and their respect for human rights. 228. The frequent human rights abuses experienced in the past decade are mere aberrations which need to be quickly corrected, including, through capacity building in the area of human rights for the security agencies. The National Police College (ENP), the Gendarmerie Training Institutes and the Armed Forces Training Centre provide initiation courses to their students in this subject, but there is the need to consolidate these gains to ensure greater respect for human rights. (b) Guarantees in the area of pre-trial detention : 229. The same concern of preserving human freedom appears at the decisionmaking level where an accused person is detained in the following cases:     In criminal cases, when the maximum sentence imposed is lower than or equal to 3 years, an accused person who is permanently resident in Senegal cannot be placed in pre-trial detention for more than five (5) days; In the same types of cases, the accused person who is a permanent resident within the location of the court handling the case, cannot be put into pre-trial detention; The examining magistrate’s warrant of committal shall be valid for a maximum period of only six (6)months ; Finally, a special tribunal has been established at the Supreme Court to « rule on applications for claims presented by persons who have been the subject of pre-trial detentions but whose cases have been dismissed for lack of evidence, leading to their discharge or acquittal72. » (c) Towards large-scale reform of the Senegalese criminal law : 230. In 2006, the Senegalese Government established a Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Reform Commission in order to provide the country with a criminal legislation in keeping with international commitments to which it is a party. 72 See paragraph 1 of Article 4 of the Organic Law No 2008-35 of 7 August 2008 on the establishment of the Supreme Court of Senegal. 50