owned plots and 400ha to low-cost housing111. Government chose the option of proximity regarding land development. This is contained in Decree No. 2016/1246/PM of 23 May 2016 to lay down the terms and conditions of exercising some powers transferred by the State to Councils regarding land development112. 162- Concerning enhancement of the technical guarantees of reliability of the land title, computerization was undertaken with the short-term goal of computerizing 120,000 land titles and set up a database of 240,000 parcels of land in Yaounde, Douala, Garoua and Maroua in December 2017. In this regard, 91,277 technical files of the Surveys Department and 235 land registers were computerized in Mfoundi Division and 107,233 technical files in Wouri Division. In addition, with a view to establishing a reliable geodetic reference frame, from 2016 to 2018, 25 reference pillars, 510 basic pillars, and 2,439 points113 of the national geodetic network were planted in 48 Councils and 30 towns. Moreover, 30 Total petrol Stations114 were acquired in 2015 and 12 in 2016. 163- With regard to enhancing procedures, in addition to the simplification and clarification of administrative procedures, supervision of the acquisition of vast land and the protection of vulnerable people constituted a major challenge in the preparation of a legal and regulatory framework. Concerning the first point, one-stop shops115 were established, the number of which increased from 7 in 2013 to 11 in 2018, each Regional headquarters having a one-stop shop in addition to Kribi. Besides, a programme to reduce transaction costs and time limits in the same Regional headquarters was launched. The procedures were clarified in many works. In this regard, the Procedure Manual and the User’s Guide were produced and distributed. The procedure concerning sale, free transfer or exchange of a building between individuals is contained in Decree No. 2016/1431/PM of 27 May 2016 on private land transactions. 164- Consideration of the need to protect vulnerable people as part of the normative framework was reflected in the fight against land grabbing and consultations with customary and native authorities. Thus, in the face of significant request for heavy investments from both nationals and foreigners on vast areas of land and in a bid to avoid any form of speculation and land grabbing, the Prime Minister, Head of Government signed Circular Letter No. 1/CAB/PM of 1 April 2014 relating to the provisions applicable to access by investors to land in Cameroon. The instrument tries to strike a balance between achieving economic development projects and the social and cultural interests of the people by consolidating the control of the distribution of land on the basis of lease or concession. The power is distributed between the Ministry in charge of State Property for land that varies between 100m2 and 49ha, and the Head of State for lands with area higher or equal to 50ha. Resettlement and retrocession measures were taken as part of the allocation of land resources to foreign investors. 165- As part of the ongoing land reform, different discussions conducted with representatives from local councils and representatives of the native people116(Rec. 24 and 25) resulted in the 111 It should be noted that 400,000ha were earmarked for agro-industry. Without prejudice to the responsibilities incumbent on the State, Councils are also in charge of preparing and implementing general urban rules, land use and construction; preparing protection measures and the security perimeter to take into account in urban documents, the right to visit building sites and the right to communication of documents; supervision and technical control of construction of art works, strategic studies on land development operations. 113 Out of a total of 20,025 points to be achieved. 114 An apparatus that makes it possible to measure the angles and the distances during surveys. 115 Ngaounere, Maroua, Ebolowa, Bamenda, Kribi, Garoua, Bertoua, Bafoussam and Buea in 2016 116 The following initiatives can be highlighted: - Government/Parliament dialogue on land reform, with the participation of traditional leaders and CSOs held at the National Assembly from 11 to 12 June 2013; - a brainstorming workshop bringing together Traditional Leaders and Leaders of indigenous peoples on rural land in Cameroon, under the theme: A proposal by Traditional Leaders on Rural Land Reform in Cameroon, organised in Yaounde from 11 to 12 December 2013 with the support of the Traditional 34 112