XVII. RIGHT TO PEACE AND SECURITY Develop and strengthen existing measures in the area of combating terrorism and organized crime by taking inspiration from the Commission’s principles and guidelines on human and peoples’ rights in the fight against terrorism. 548. Since Niger experienced the threat of terrorism and organized crime at its borders, it has never stopped taking and devising plans to prevent or contain these terrorist activities. These activities depend on the magnitude of the threat. Thus, apart from the intelligence and patrols in all areas placed under the state of emergency, Niger is fighting terrorism through its joint sub-regional forces. Lengthy paragraphs have been presented above on issues relating to security and the fight against terrorism. Ensure respect for international human rights law and international humanitarian law, particularly in using combat drones and carrying out impartial and independent investigations on all deaths caused by drones in order to arraign the alleged perpetrators before court and compensate the victims or members of their families. 549. Niger is unaware of any errors committed on the civilian population by drones on its territory. In any case, in fighting against terrorism on its territory, it is ensuring respect for international humanitarian law. XVII. EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT Formalize the social responsibility of businesses through implementable legal obligations by means of legislation in order to guarantee participatory processes and gains at the local level from extracted resources and contribute to the development needs of adjoining communities. 550. In the Model Law appended to the Mining Law, Article 18.2 states that: “The mining company undertakes to contribute to the development of the communities in which they carry out their activities by participating in the financing of collective activities”. 551. Regarding the exploration phase, the contribution shall be negotiated with the Ministry of Mines. For instance, the following can be read from the Tinkaradet 2 Agreement: “during the research phases, the company shall commit itself to pay an annual contribution of 20.000 dollars US for the development of all communities in the region in which it is carrying out its operations. A memorandum of understanding shall be signed with the Ministry in charge of Mines thirty (30) days after the date of the signing of the Order granting the permit for research, and it will specify the modality for the management and use of these funds. This contribution will be accounted for as research expenses in line with Article 10 supra. This contribution will particularly be used to finance collective infrastructural facilities and income-generating activities”. 552. Thus, under the terms of the law, the financial volume of the activities of the operator under his social responsibilities shall be determined through negotiations between the Ministry of Mines and the latter. However, a better mechanism can be found by tying these obligations to a percentage to be determined from the turnover, which would be more objective. Adopt a legislation governing the small-scale mining sector and promoting awareness raising among the small-scale miners to ensure better protection of labour standards and the environment. 553. The legislation was already in existence and it was reinforced by the adoption of Law No. 2017- 03 of 30 June 2017 on the amendment of Order No. 93-16 of 2 March 1993 on the mining law. According to Article 43 (new) small-scale mining consists of extracting and collecting minerals in order to 111