Finally, Botswana is going through a health transition, which indicates a decline in childhood immunisable diseases and an increase in non-communicable diseases. However, infectious diseases still remain the most important cause of illness and death. Non-communicable diseases, associated with changes in lifestyle from an agricultural economy to a cash economy, are related mainly to a change in diet, to more sedentary life and to a longer life expectancy. ARTICLE 17 RIGHT TO EDUCATION Every child is guaranteed the constitutional right to free basic education41 through Section 9 of the Children’s Act which provides that the rights set out in Part III (Bill of Child’s Rights) supplement the rights set out in Chapter II (Bill of Rights) of the Constitution. Botswana recognises the achievement of Education for All (EFA) goals as one of the fundamental steps in the development and provision of education in the country. As a result, measures are in place to ensure increased access to education by all. These include: a. Implementation of Adult Basic Education Programme (ABEP) and Out of School Children Education Programme (OSEC) to cater for those who cannot access education through the formal setting. b. Implementation of Back to School Initiative: Back to School is open to all Batswana citizens who are 35 and below who have, for variety of reasons, failed to complete their basic education or training. The learners are absorbed back to school from primary, junior, senior secondary and tertiary levels. c. Friendly Schools’ Programme, which aims at ensuring that schools are conducive for teaching and learning. d. Maintaining flexibility in the admission policy to enable children from Remote Area Dweller Settlements (RADS) to start school at an age not later than the official entry age of 6 years. 41 See Section 18 of the Children’s Act. 60 | P a g e