African
Union
Participation
According to the World Bank (1994) “Participation is a process through which stakeholders
influence development initiatives, decisions and resources concerning them on which they
have a right to supervise”.
Participation is an approach whereby all stakeholders are equitably and actively involved in
the formulation of development policies and strategies as well as the analysis, planning,
implementation, control and evaluation of development activities.
Participation of stakeholders is the association into a single process, a procedure. There are
eight main modes of association of the public, classified from the less participative to more
participative.
information: action of giving information (unilaterally, one way)
consultation: action of soliciting a view
consensus-building: action of exchanging views and looking for a compromise
dialogue: action of exchanging views and proposals
involvement: action of getting involved in a process or engaging one‟s responsibility in it
participation: action of actively associating oneself with a process
appropriation: action of assuming ownership as a stakeholder
approval: action of allying oneself with or fully sharing objectives.
Price sensitive
Undisclosed information that, if made generally known, would be likely to have an effect on
information
the share price of the company concerned.
There are 5 key terms, all of which have an impact on the life of poor and vulnerable people:
- Accountability: extension of the capacities and options offered to men and women
increases their ability to make choices without suffering hunger, shortages and deprivations,
while improving their possibility to participate in decision-making on issues that have an
impact on their life or approve the decisions taken.
Principles of sustainable
human development
-Cooperation: since the sense of belonging is important for personal well-being, welfare
and sense of responsibility and action, broad-based and sustainable socio-economic
development is interested in the means that allow population groups to work together in a
concerted manner.
-Equity: the extension of abilities and opportunities is not limited to incomes, it is an issue
of equity, for example, and educational system to which everybody should have access.
-Sustainability: it is advisable to cover the needs of the present generation without
compromising the right of future generations to be sheltered from poverty and destitution
and to take advantage of their basic abilities.
-Security: security of livelihoods, in particular. Individuals should be sheltered from threats,
such as diseases or repressions as well as abrupt disruptions of their life, which are harmful.
UNDP focuses on four critical aspects of broad-based and sustainable socio-economic
development: elimination of poverty, creation of jobs and livelihoods, protection and
regeneration of the environment and promotion of women. The strengthening of capacities
for purposes of good governance supports all these objectives.
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