CHAPTER 13 Article 13 1. Every citizen shall have the right to participate freely in the government of his country, either directly or through freely chosen representatives in accordance with the provisions of the law. 2. Every citizen shall have the right of equal access to the public service of his country. 3. Every individual shall have the right of access to public property and services in strict equality of all persons before the law. 310. Article 1 (2) of the Constitution sets the basis of sovereignty of the Zambian people by providing that “all power resides in the people who shall exercise their sovereignty through the democratic institutions of the State in accordance with this Constitution”. Exercise of Political Rights by Citizens A. LEGISLATIVE MEASURES The Constitution 311. Article 113 (e) of the Constitution makes it a duty for every citizen to vote in national and local government elections. Article 113 (d) of the Constitution further makes it a duty of every citizen to promote democracy and the rule of law. 312. Article 34 of the Constitution stipulates that the election to the office of the President is by direct universal adult suffrage and secret ballot. In order to qualify for presidency one must be a Zambian citizen; his parents must be Zambians by birth or descent; has attained the age of 35; is a member of or sponsored by a political party; qualified to be a member of 127