dangerous or harmful to health. The Labor Act, 1997 echoes the same restrictions as provided for in the ILO conventions 182 an 138 on the minimum age of employment. Article 37 of the Labor Act, 1997 prohibited child labor that harms children. Articles 3842 of the Child Act, 2010 placed conditions for child labor, including free medical examination before employment; daily work hours should not exceed seven, entitlement of the child to paid leave and the child labor must benefit from labor social services appropriate to his age and should also receive training before work begins. Surveys were conducted about child labor by the NCCW in collaboration with the Ministry of Labor and an expert from the U of Khartoum to study the phenomenon in the states of Kassala and Khartoum; the study pinpointed the causes and listed 42 dangerous works the exercise of which was restricted for children as they affect child health, social, psychological and physical growth of children. The list was approved and adopted by the Ministry of Labor. Signature of partnership protocol between the European Commission, the ILO and the Government of the Sudan on child labor in Africa, Caribbean and Pacific countries; signing for the Government of Sudan were the Ministry of Labor, the NCCW and the Ministry of Education (October 20080. The protocol aims mainly to building partnership to develop and support efforts to fight child labor through supporting education in all areas, focusing on girls’ education. Initial steps to activate the protocol started in earnest in June 2010. Abuse of Narcotics: The Council of Ministers formed a committee to combat drugs. The committee comprised all stakeholder agencies, including the Ministries of Health, Justice, Social Welfare, Education, the Interior, Information and Communications. The committee acts upon the provisions of the national policy to combat drugs, 2007 as revised and updated in 2010. Moreover, the committee liaises with the Drugs Combating Network which comprises all NGOs working in this field at both national and state levels. Combating is activated through different themes; the theme of enforcing legislations on combating drugs and administration of criminal justice, the theme of treatment of addiction cases and addressing causes of the problem and the third theme is focusing on guidance and dissemination of awareness and protection of children against the dangers of drugs. Sexual Exploitation and Abuse: Sudanese legislations have clearly stipulated severe punishments against perpetrators of all sexual crimes. This has been demonstrated in the articles of the Child Act, 2010 highlighted in chapter four of this report. In addition to this Sudan has ratified the two optional protocols of the UNCRC on sexual exploitation of children. Furthermore, there are additional details in the report demanded by the International Committee which was deliberated on by the Committee in May 2007. The Government paid great attention to raising awareness about protecting children against all forms of violence. Mechanisms within the state structures have been created to 60