inadequate and inferior physical infrastructure; inadequate teaching and learning materials; poor monitoring and supervisory systems; poor access for children with special needs; poor retention of girls mainly from standards five to eight; negative impact of HIV/AIDS; and poor participation of school committees and their communities in school management (MGDS 2006:50). 73. In response to the challenges, Malawi is implementing a priority, fast-track programme to strengthen primary education, which will be the base for all other education developments. The programme combines policy measures, quality improvement and investments, through three sets of strategies listed below. Through policy and other measures, Malawi plans to give all children a quality primary education. 74. Government shall mobilise communities to participate in ‘whole-school development’ and management for both normal and special needs pupils. It shall also ensure appropriate decentralisation of delivery of education services which incorporates processes of planning, budgeting and financing, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) while introducing policy measures to reduce the size of classes in Standards 1 and 2. There is a plan to reduce repetition, drop-out and enrolment of over- and under-age children, and to encourage promotion between standards, reinforce HIV and AIDS awareness, girls empowerment, safe schools (child friendly schools); and monitor performance and strengthen internal efficiency of sub-sector. 75. In addition to the fast-track programme, the following guiding principles are critical for the envisaged positive change in primary education between 2008 and 2018: (a) Ratio of pupils to teachers progressing to a 1:60 ratio by 2013/14 and below 1:60 ratio by 2017/18; (b) Percentage of teachers eligible for hardship fund increasing from 15% in 2008/09 to 30% by 2014/15 and staying at 30% thereafter; (c) Transfer of teachers transferred from CDSSs to primary schools starts with 300 in 2008/09 and thereafter 200 teachers; (d) Using Distance Education Teacher Trainees as a measure of reducing the pupil to teacher ratio to 1:60 by 2013/14. Starting with 4,000 temporary (voluntary) teachers in 2008/09; 21 | P a g e

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