APRM • SECOND COUNTRY REVIEW REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KENYA 239. Between 2008 and 2014, government assigned financial and non-financial resources to assist the return of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) including transportation and resettlement costs. By the end of 2010, all camps with internally displaced persons had been officially closed and the number of displaced persons who had not returned to their former homes gradually declined. 240. The Constitution outlaws discrimination on the basis of disability in public and private spheres and makes specific provision for the protection of the rights of persons with disability. At least 5% of the members of public in elective and appointive bodies should be persons with disabilities. Several other laws and policies providing for the special protection on the human rights of persons with disabilities have been enacted since 2007, indicating responsiveness to the situation of People Without Disabilities (PWDs). However the 2008 Disability Survey shows that persons with disabilities are disproportionately represented among the poor and are marginalized as a result of the prohibitive financial costs, environments that are violent and hostile to persons with disabilities and a failure by political parties to implement affirmative action in the favour persons with disabilities. 241. Kenya hosts the fourth largest refugee population in the world; by the end of 2013 there were 604,700 refugees and asylum seekers in addition to an unknown number of unregistered refugees. The 2006 CRR revealed that the UNHCR was responsible for the bulk of refugee management activities and the CSAR 2 states that the government has taken over the responsibility for refugee management. Terrorist attacks in Kenya have resulted in a more stringent asylum policy. After closing the border with Somalia in 2012, The Government of Kenya required all refugees living in urban areas to relocate to designated camps. In November 2013, the governments of Kenya and Somalia, and the UNHCR signed a Tripartite Agreement outlining both procedures for the voluntary repatriation of Somali refugees and it obliges Kenya to continue providing security to Somali refugees until they leave. 3.10.2 Findings of the Review Mission 3.10.2.1 Progress made since 2006 242. The Constitution of 2010 introduced several new and comprehensive provisions that protect the rights of vulnerable groups, including people with disabilities (PWDs), older persons, and minorities, indigenous as well as marginalised groups. The Constitution also recognises the rights of all to social security. 243. The poverty index in 2014 was 46% with the ratio of people living below dietary energy consumption at 51% in 2005. In this regard, social protection provided by the government is important for vulnerable groups. The establishment of the Social Protection Fund in 2012 aimed to support the most vulnerable groups under the social pillar of Vision 2030. Government allocated over KShs 18 billion in cash transfers in 2016 and KShs 14 billion in 2015, benefitting vulnerable groups including the older persons and PWDs. There is also a health insurance subsidy in place for older persons and PWDs. | 122 |