Paragraph 2: Duty of placing his physical and intellectual capacities at the service of the
State
371. Article 19 of the Constitution provides that:
“The right to employment is recognised and shall be equal for all. Every citizen has a duty to
work but one may only be restricted to specific employment in the case of fulfilment of a
service of exceptional public interest, equal for all according to the conditions defined by
law”
372. In addition to the Constitution, one may cite:
- the Labour Code ;
- the general Statute on Civil Servants ;
- the Child Protection Code.
Paragraph 3: Duty not to compromise the security of the State.
373. Law No. 01-079 of 20 August on the Criminal Code of Mali provides for and sanctions
in Chapter II, Section II, crimes that breach the homeland security of the State or the integrity
of its territory. The sanctions provided for to that effect ranges between life imprisonment
and the death penalty.
Paragraph 4: Duty to preserve national social solidarity
374. The social protection in the country is characterised by its inadequacy in terms of
coverage rates and services provided. Indeed, only about 10% of the population really enjoy
the formal mechanisms offered by social protection and the services that concern only these
areas through the establishment of the Compulsory Health Insurance (AMO), covering the
civil servants and employees who fall under the Labour Code;
- cover 5% of the population (the poor), through the establishment of the Medical Assistance
Fund (FAM).
376. Towards this end, Mali has enacted two fundamental texts in the area of social security.
They are:
Law No. 09-015 of 26 June 2009 on the institution of the Compulsory Health Insurance
Scheme. The Compulsory Health Insurance aims to cover the health risk of civil servants
of the State and local administrations, the military, parliamentarians, employees governed
by the Labour Code, either active or retired, and for their rightful claimants. The people
affiliated to the INPS Voluntary Insurance Scheme can also join the scheme. It gives one
the right for direct care for a part of the expenses in the area of preventive and curative
74