5.3.3. The Child Health 5.3.3.1. Reduction of child mortality and maternal mortality According to the results of the demographic and health survey conducted from September 2011 to March 2012 (DCAT II 2011-2012), infant mortality rate (IMR) is 39 per 1,000 live births and infant and child- juvenile mortality rates (CMR) is 68 to 1000. Compared to figures from the 2005 DHS, these rates show a clear improvement of the situation of these two indicators, which then amounted respectively to 75 % and 117 %. Regarding the maternal mortality rate (MMR), it experienced a similar downward trend: 1100 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2002, 781 in 2005 and 426 in 2012. Table 10: Trend of the infant, infant, child and maternal mortality rate between 2005 and 2012 Indicator IMR (1000) DHS 2005 75 DHS 2011- 2012 39 Source EDS 2005 DCAT 2012 CMR (1000) 117 68 MMR (100 000) 781 426 This trend is quite consistent with the recommendations of the National Roadmap aiming at reducing, for 2015, the IMR to 38 ‰ and the MMR to 390 per 100 000 live births. While it is not sufficient to reach the target of 223 % in 2015, established as part of the MDGs, the pace of decline in maternal mortality exceeds the forecasts of UN organisations, which expected a rate of 560 % in 2010. Regarding child mortality (children under five years), the magnitude of the progress achieved exceeded UN organisations’ expectations, which expected for 2011 a rate between 84 % and 107 %. However, Congo is relatively unlikely to achieve the MDG 4 by 2015 (35 %), unless exceptional efforts are made in the coming two years. Among the main factors behind the decline in mortality rates include the improvement of maternal health care, better management of children diseases and especially improving malaria prevention measures, in particular the significant increase of children sleeping under a mosquito net. 5.3.3.2. Reproductive Health Antenatal care According to the results of the DCAT 2011-2012, almost all women received antenatal care from a trained staff (93%), mostly a midwife (71%). In addition, for 9% of women, it is a nurse who provided antenatal care, and in almost a similar proportion (10%), it is a doctor who examined the women’s condition. Comparing the results with those of the previous survey show a clear trend of improvement in the ANC coverage. Since 2005, the proportion of women who received antenatal care by a trained staff increased from 88% to 93% in 2011-1012. Tetanus immunisation 65