b) Disabled children (Article 13);
c) Health and health services (Article 14);
d) Social security, services and facilities of child's development (Article 20.2 ac)
e) Orphan care (Article 26)
5.1. Survival and Development
This component was developed in Chapter 3 on civil rights and freedoms
5.2. Les disabled children
5.2.1. Context
According to the 2007 census, 1.4% of the population (just over 50 000) has a disability,
which seems very little if one refers to the estimated proportion of persons with disabilities in
Sub Saharan Africa (between 7% and 10% of the population). The breakdown by age group
shows a relative under-representation of children and young people: as you can see from the
chart below people aged below of 20 account for only 22% of disabled people while they
represent nearly 50% of the total population. This is not necessarily abnormal in that the
increase in age increases the risk of acquiring a disability due to accident or illness.
Table 6: Distribution of the disabled population by age group
Age in
month
0
to
4
5
to
9
10
to
14
15
to
19
20
to
24
25
to
29
30
to
34
35
to
39
40
to
44
45
to
49
50
to
54
55
to
59
60
to
64
65
+
All
Proportion 3
5
7
7
8
9
9
9
7
6
5
5
4
16 100
Source: Situation of disabled people in Congo - RGPH, CNSEE, Ministry of Planning, sd
The distribution of people with disabilities by type of major disability reveals a dominant
representation of persons with lower limb (s) disabilities (37.2%) and people with upper limb
(s) disabilities (18, 0%): These two types of disability gather more than half of disabled
people (about 55.2%). A considerable share is made by blind or visually impaired (13.1%),
followed by deaf and dumb (8.8%); hearing impaired (7.2%) represent the less represented
type of disability.
Indeed, the prevalence of disabilities of upper and lower limb(s) certainly translates a
preponderance of disabilities caused by diseases such as polio, leprosy, etc. However, these
two types of disabilities can also come from war-victims or traffic accidents.
Graph 1: Distribution of persons with disabilities by type of major disability (%)
Source: Situation of disabled people in Congo - RGPH, CNSEE, Ministry of Planning, sd
If the gender distribution of the types of major handicap shows no significant differences
between men and women, distribution by age group reveals however quite significant
differences between young and elderly people. In fact for the very young, which means,
between 0 and 4 years the most common types of disability are: disability of upper limb(s),
disability of lower limb (s) and deafness / muteness. While among children and youth aged
between 5 and 19 years, although the aforementioned three types of disabilities are always
represented, a significant increase of intellectual disability is observed. Between 20 and 44
54