CHAPTER 2 10. This chapter deals with the democracy and political governance section of the APR process in Ghana. Each objective begins with a summary and analysis of Ghana's Country Self-Assessment Report (CSAR) in this thematic area. This is followed by the findings of the Country Review Mission (CRM) from the consultations with different stakeholders (Ghanaian authorities, civil society, labour and the private business community), both in Accra and in the regions. It concludes with Panel recommendations on governance issues that arose during the background review, the CSAR, discussions during the CRM, and the Programme of Action (POA). 2.2 Implementation of standards and codes i. Self-assessment 11. Although Ghana has been enthusiastic in acceding to, and ratifying regional and global standards and codes, including human rights instruments, a number of key human rights instruments recommended by the African Union (AU) remain to be ratified. This weakens the country's democracy and good governance record. A number of significant global instruments on governance and human rights have been pending, such as: ? Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT), 1992: Amendments to articles 17 (7) and 18 (5) ? CAT, 2002: Optional protocol ? Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others, 1949 ? Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), 1995: Amendment to article 20, paragraph 1 ? CEDAW, 1999: Optional protocol ? Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), 1995: Amendment to article 43 (2) ? CRC on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflicts, 2000: Optional protocol ? CRC on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, 2000: Optional protocol ? Protocol Against Human Trafficking in Women and Children, 2000 ? Protocol on the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, 2001 ? Supplementary Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, 2000 ? UN Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime, 2000 ? UN Convention Against Corruption, 2003 16