issues. Sexual exploitation, child begging, child pornography and trafficking
exist in the country. Gambia has ratified the core international instruments for
the protection of the child. There is a children’s act adopted in 2005 which
domesticates both the CRC and the ACRWC. There are also various acts that
address trafficking in persons, women’s and girl’s issues and tourism offences.
All children, including refugee children enjoy free education. There is
sensitization of laws ongoing, task-forces for coordination of various
stakeholders are also in place. However, there is a challenge of lack of proper
coordination between agencies, a Ministry dedicated for children’s affairs can
solve this. There is limited data available and there is a lack of data
management system. There is no strict referral systems between various
agencies. It was suggested that there is a need for a strong legislation on
migration and institutional strengthening.
Togo
It was noted that 48.8% of the population of Togo are children. There are
mainly three cross-border issues affecting children; child trafficking, child
mobility and child refugees. Furthermore it was noted that there are external
and internal factors in play. Togo is a source and transit country for children on
the move. As a source country children leave Togo in search of a better life.
The distinction between child mobility and child trafficking is something that the
Government is grappling with and is undertaking trainings to identify these
issues. Togo has signed various international and regional instruments in order
to tackle cross border issues. The labor code determines age of employment,
while the minimum age of marriage is 18 for both boys and girls. It was noted
that there is a strategy called friends of the children whose objective is to
improve the educational environment to guarantee quality teaching and
learning. Furthermore, there was analysis of child protection in Togo following
which a new strategy, aimed at putting communities in the center of child
protection, was developed. The child protection system components in Togo
were identified to include service for detection, reference centers, pilot project
for family support and consultative advisory council for children. It was also
noted that there are bilateral cooperation agreement between Togo and Gabon,
and Togo and Benin, and a tripartite agreement between Togo Burkina Faso
and Benin.
Mali
It was mentioned that Mali shares border with seven countries. The
country has ratified UNCRC and ACERWC. Since 2012 Mali has seen a crisis
with the rise of violent extremism, especially in the Northern region of the
country. This has led to a number of abuses of children such as sexual slavery,
child marriage, and recruitment of children for violent activities. There is