43. The proportion of the population with access to improved drinking water is 27.7%
according to ENSOMD 2012-2013, and 38.9% as defined by the Ministry of Water’s.
These rates show a slight increase of respectively 8.1% and 6.3% compared to
2010.
44. The proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities is 7.1%
according to ENSOMD 2012-2013, and 50.1% as defined by the Ministry of Water.
These figures show an increase of respectively 4.3% and 27.4% compared with
2008.
45. The proportion of the population using main solid fuels reached 99.2%. This rate
remained unchanged compared to 2010.
46. The proportion of urban dwellers living in slums is 88.2% according to ENSOMD
2012-2013, and 72.8% when using the definition of the Ministry of Water. These
figures relate to inadequate access to improved drinking water and inadequate
access to improved facilities, which reflect very poor living conditions in urban areas.
Table 11 : Indicator of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 7 on environmental sustainability
Indicator name
Indicator 7.8: Proportion of population using an improved
drinking water source
Indicator 7.9: Proportion of the population using improved
sanitation facilities (toilets)
Indicator 7.9: Proportion of the population using improved
sanitation (domestic waste)
Proportion of population using main solid fuels
Indicator 7.10: Proportion of urban population living in slums
Source : INSTAT/DDSS/ENSOMD 2012-2013
MDG
27,7 %
ALL
Min Water
38,9 %
7,10 %
50,1 %
Target
68 %
54 %
10,5 %
99,2 %
88,2 %
72,8 %
On employment
47. Unemployment1, as defined by the International Labour Office is still low in
Madagascar since it only affects 1.3% of the Malagasy workforce2. Moreover,
unemployment affects women more than men, respectively, 1.5% and 1%, and
varies according to the age group. In 2012, six out of ten unemployed were women.
48. For the 15-19 years, the unemployment rate reached 2.1% and was at 3.1% among
the 20-24 years. From 25 years the unemployment rate gradually decrease to 0.7%
for the 40-44 years, and 0.2% for workers over 50 years. Three-quarters of the
unemployed are under 30 (75.3%) and nine in ten under 40 years.
1
According to the ILO, an unemployed person is defined as any individual:
- Of working age (5 years or more),
- Without a job during the last seven days
- On the active job search,
- Available to work.
2
National Survey on Employment and Informal Sector (ENEMPSI) 2012 conducted by INSTAT.
11