Chart 1: Evolution of the mortality rate among children under the age of 5 Source: 1996-1997 DHS, 2004 DHS, 2010 MICS and 2014-2015 DHS-MICS surveys 183. The infant mortality rate measures, at birth, the probability of dying before the first birthday. According to the results of the 1996-1997 DHS, 2004 DHS, 2010 MICS and 2014-2015 DHS-MICS surveys, infant mortality rates showed an irregular trend between 1996-1997 and 2014-2015. In 1996-1997, the infant mortality rate was 103‰. This rate decreased slightly in 2004 to 184. reach 102‰ and 106‰ in 2010. In 2014-2015, the infant mortality rate declined sharply and stands at 72‰. Efforts to combat child mortality have led to a reduction in the initial rate from 103‰ to 72‰, 185. i.e. a 30% reduction.  Vaccination rate of one-year-old children against measles 186. Enormous progress has been made in recent years in terms of vaccination coverage. Thus, the measles vaccination coverage rate increased from 65.07% in 2006 to 84% in 2010 (Health Statistical Yearbooks). As shown in the graph below, there was a 10-point drop in 2007 and a 3-point drop in 2010. If current trends are maintained, measles vaccination coverage could reach 90%. 187. These encouraging results could be explained by the adoption of a multisectoral and decentralized approach that was consolidated during this period. This approach facilitated the involvement of the various stakeholders in the national response and consequently, the extension of activities to reach targets in the most remote areas, thereby raising awareness on the vaccine, VAR. Page 44 sur 87