4. Right of peoples to economic, social and cultural development Article 22 1. All peoples shall have the right to their economic, social and cultural development with due regard to their freedom and identity and in the equal enjoyment of the common heritage of mankind. 2. States shall have the duty, individually or collectively, to ensure the exercise of the right to development. 280. Economic, social and cultural rights are considered second generation rights. The Government adopted several measures to ensure the realization of these rights. 281. In 1999, it began developing policies and strategies to boost economic and social development of all components and regions in the country. Public investment programmes are implemented in vital social sectors such as education, health, water, extension of road networks, housing, telecommunications and energy as well as in promising areas such as public works, small-scale industry and craft trades to reduce economic disparities between regions. 282. Government reform has also facilitated an increase in the number of banking institutions which obey open competition rules, which is in the interest of citizens and the national economy. 283. Economic reform was undertaken within the context of implementing the poverty reduction strategy of 2004 and this led to growth in the GDP (3% between 2001 and 2005, 4.8% in 2006, 5.9% in 2007 and 2008). 284. Following observation that the benefits of economic growth were not being enjoyed by all categories of the population in Djibouti, the fight against poverty was redefined and the National Social Development Initiative (INDS) put in place. The State Secretariat for National Solidarity is in charge of rolling out the poverty reduction strategy and promoting national solidarity with the key objective of implementing the INDS. One of the SESN’s priority actions is to develop and monitor implementation of policies, programmes and projects targeting poor, vulnerable or excluded segments of the population. The mission of the ADDS, agency under the authority of the SESN, is to also reduce regional inequalities through support to sustainable development projects based on a participatory, partnership and community-based approach. 285. In 2012, the national strategy on social safety nets proposed the development of specific measures, through coordinated actions of the public and private sectors, to (i) provide nutrition assistance to populations at critical moments of their development, (ii) provide minimum protection to people who lack resources and are vulnerable because of their incapacity (temporary or permanent) to earn a minimum income; (iii) create job opportunities for low-skilled workers in industries such as construction, small-scale equipment and public infrastructures. 53