• • • Disarm RENAMO guards still keeping arms under mutually agreeable terms [Office of the President; Ministry of National Defence (MDN); FRELIMO; RE NAMO]; Establish modalities for attaining lasting and genuine reconciliation between FRELIMO and RENAMO, and put an end to discriminatory political, economic and social policies [Office of the President; FRELIMO; RENAMO; observers]; and Separate party cells from public institutions in order to make the public service neutral of political influences [Office of the President]. Objective 2: To promote constitutional democracy, including periodic political competition and opportunity for political choice, the rule of law and the supremacy of the Constitution I. Summary of the CSAR 269. Article 3 of the Constitution states that Mozambique is a state governed by the rule of law, based on pluralism of expression and democratic political organisation and on the respect and guarantee of fundamental human rights and freedoms. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land and prevails over all other legal rules. The Constitution proceeds to guarantee a wide range of fundamental rights, duties and freedoms. In turn, all citizens have the duty to respect the constitutional order. The rule of law is further guaranteed through the constitutional protection of just administrative action, the justifiability of legally protected rights and a series of institutions namely the courts, the Public Prosecution Service, the Ombudsman, the Constitutional Council, and the Petition Commission of the Assembly of the Republic. Challenges to the rule of law include inadequate functioning of the courts and the judicial sector, and ineffective functioning and limitations of the Petition Commission, the Administrative Court, the Constitutional Council and the Ombudsman, which is not yet fully operational. At grassroots level, this is experienced by the general public through a loss of confidence, low capacity in service delivery, and corruption, among other things. 270. As far as periodic political competition is concerned, the CSAR states that the Constitution guarantees a system of universal adult suffrage through an electoral system that provides for direct, equal and secret ballot, which enables citizens to elect their leaders freely through the political parties. It also guarantees freedom of association and the right to campaign for electoral purposes. However, there are challenges to the practice of constitutional democracy, such as the persistence of practices carried over from the one-party period that are incompatible with multiparty democracy. Furthermore, the CNE and the Technical Secretariat for the Electoral Administration (STAE) are composed in a partisan way, which affects the way in which they hold elections. 108 A P R M COU N T RY R EV IEW R EP ORT NO. 11