tion. Gender-based violence is very common and the trafficking of women remains a significant hazard. 215. The Constitution provides for the rights of children and Mozambique has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), and the Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour – Convention 182 of the International Labour Organisation (ILO). Nonetheless, children in Mozambique face many challenges while growing up. Child labour persists and there is a significant problem of street children because of extreme poverty and social dislocation. 216. Mozambique has a significant number of vulnerable groups, which include malnourished children, pregnant women, people living with disabilities, victims of natural disasters, refugees, ex-combatants, and children who are family heads. Although policies exist for the protection of such people, their implementation is constrained by financial limitations. 217. The promotion and protection of the rights of women, children and other vulnerable groups could benefit from the following: enhanced budgetary allocations to the relevant agencies and CSOs that have responsibility for their welfare; the ratification of the international codes and standards that guarantee their rights, such as the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; and the establishment of a National Council for Disability. 3.2 Codes and Standards I. Summary of the CSAR 218. The Country Self-Assessment Report (CSAR) does not provide a separate heading for discussing codes and standards. II. Findings of the CRM 219. In the absence of any data in the CSAR on Mozambique’s performance with regard to the signing, ratification and observation of codes and standards, the CRM compiled the data in this section independently. 220. Mozambique has made visible efforts to become a party to the main international agreements and treaties through signature and ratification, and to adopt international standards pertaining to democracy and good political governance (Table 3.1). However, it should be noted that signature alone does not make a state party to a treaty; a state only becomes a party once signature is followed by ratification. Standard-setting documents should be distinguished from treaties and include a wide range of instruments, usually referred to as declarations, dealing with human rights and the environment. Such instru- 91