Introduction
938- In order to establish a legal framework for the prevention and protection of persons
against internal displacement, Cameroon adhered to the African Union Convention on the
Protection and Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons in Africa, known as the Kampala
Convention, by Decree No. 2014/610 of 31 December 2014. In order to make this convention
effective in domestic law, reflections have been launched on the process to internalize it in
national legislation in order to strengthen the protection of internally displaced persons
(IDPs).
939- This Convention supplements several other international instruments to which Cameroon
is party as well as other domestic laws established either to prevent situations likely to create
involuntary movements of persons or to provide them with assistance in the event of such
risks in the context of civil protection.
940- At the international level, in addition to the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 relating
to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, additional Protocols I and II
supplementing the Geneva Conventions as well as international treaties, conventions and
agreements relating to specific segments of humanitarian intervention (refugees, internally
displaced persons, hazardous waste management, CBRN (Nuclear, Radiological, Biological,
Chemical) risks, international health regulations....), Cameroon is a party to the Framework
Convention on Civil Defence Assistance, initiated on 22 May 2000 by the International Civil
Defence Organisation.
941- At the national level, without being exhaustive and according to the hierarchy of norms,
it is possible to distinguish the Constitution, laws and regulations.
In its preamble, the Constitution of 18 January 1996, guarantees the protection of fundamental
rights forevery individual without distinction. A set of laws aiming to ensure civil protection
of the population has been adopted.
942- With regard to legislative laws, the following can be mentioned:
- Law No. 69/LF/9 of 12 June 1967 to lay down the general organization of the defence;
- Law No. 86/16 of 6 December 1986 to lay down the general reorganization of Civil
Protection in Cameroon;
- Law
No.
90-47
of
19
December
1990
relating
to
the
state of emergency;
- Law No. 96/3 of 4 January 1996 to lay down a framework legislation in the field of
health;
- Law No. 96/12 of 5 August 1996 to lay down a framework law on environmental
management in Cameroon;
- Law No. 96/11 of 05 August 1996 on standardization;
- Law No. 98/15 of 14 July 1998 to regulate establishments classified as dangerous,
unhygienic or obnoxious;
- Law No. 99/17 of 22 December 1999 governing the quality control of soils, building
materials and geotechnical studies;
- Law No. 2004/3 of 21 April 2004 to regulate urban planning in Cameroon;
- Law No. 2011/12 of 6 May 2011 Framework on consumer protection in Cameroon.
943- With regard to regulatory texts, we can mention:
- Decree No. 74/199 of 14 March 1974 to regulate burial and transfer of bodies;
- Decree No. 96/54 of 12 March 1996 to determine the composition and duties of the
National Council for Civil Protection;
- Decree No. 98/31 of 9 April 1998 to organize emergency and relief plans in the event
of a disaster or major risk;
- Decree No. 99/818/PM of 9 November 1999 to lay down procedures for the
establishment and operation of establishments classified as dangerous, unhygienic or
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