THE KINGDOM OF LESOTHO COMBINED SECOND TO EIGHTH PERIODIC REPORT UNDER THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS AND INITIAL REPORT UNDER THE PROTOCOL TO THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN AFRICA been termed a ‘royal coup’ which was short lived as the forth parliament was restored in 1994. In 1998, another National Assembly Elections was held. 102. Due to political instability which followed the 1998 elections, a government of National Unity was established in 1998 and the electoral model was changed from first-past-thepost to mixed member proportional (MMP) system ahead of fresh elections which were held in 2002 in terms of which 80 constituency seats would be retained and 40 proportional representation (PR) seats would be added to ensure greater inclusiveness in the National Assembly. The MMP-PR system was used in 2002 as well as 2007 National Assembly Elections wherein two ballot papers were used. In terms of this model, two ballot papers were used: one for the constituency candidate and the other for the political party. The constituency vote determined who would represent the constituency in the national assembly while the party vote was used to elect candidates from the party lists and compensated parties which had won fewer constituency seats. 103. This model was amended by the National Assembly Electoral Act 2011 in terms of which the two-ballot system was replaced with a single ballot system. The single ballot system uses a conversion method in terms of which seat allocation is based on votes amassed by a constituency candidate which are converted to party votes. 104. The PR seats are awarded in accordance with a zebra listing. In terms of this listing, all political parties taking part in elections must submit prior to elections, a list of a maximum of 120 party members who will be awarded PR seats based on the formula above. The list must be representative in that when it starts with a male candidate, the next must be a female, followed by a male and so on and so forth. 105. The single ballot system was used in the 2012 national assembly elections which adhered to the five year interval after the 2007 election. The results of the 2012 National Assembly elections yielded Lesotho’s first three-party coalition government. However, due to political and security challenges which were brought by the fact that this was the first 48