FINAL III. FACTORS RESTRICTING THE ENJOYMENT OF THE RIGHTS GUARANTEED IN THE AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES’ RIGHTS 37. Shortly after Mozambique attained its independence in 1975, the country plunged into and endured a protracted sixteen (16) year civil war between the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frelimo) and the Mozambique National Resistance movement (Renamo). The conflict resulted in the loss of lives, damage to infrastructure, and displacement of Mozambican refugees who sought asylum in neighbouring countries. While the conflict came to an end after the signing of the General Peace Accord in Rome in 1992, recovering from the effects of war affected enjoyment of the rights enshrined in the African Charter. 38. Since the end of the civil war and following the signing of the Peace Accord, Mozambique has enjoyed relative political stability and significant economic growth. However, during the run up to the national and presidential elections in October 2014, there was renewed conflict between government forces and the revived Renamo rebel movement, which had the potential to destabilize the country and restrict enjoyment of the rights guaranteed in the African Charter. IV. AREAS OF CONCERN While acknowledging the significant efforts made by the Government of Mozambique to promote and protect human rights, the Commission is however concerned about the following: 39. The non-ratification of a number of relevant regional and international human rights instruments, namely: - The African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance; The African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa; The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; and The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. 40. Failure by Mozambique to make the declaration under Article 34(6) of the Protocol on the African Court, accepting the competence of the Court to receive cases from individuals and non-governmental organizations (NGOs); 41. The delay in reviewing and enacting the following legislation: 6