iii. iv. v. vi. vii. preparedness planning at all levels and has taken the following measures to strengthen operations in terms preparedness and response: The decentralization of the activity of the NDRRMC through the setting up of the National Emergency Operations Command (NEOC) and Local Emergency Operations Command (LEOC), at central and local levels, respectively, to coordinate, monitor and sensitise concerned authorities on the implementation of appropriate risk reduction measures and crisis situation. A Disaster Response Unit consisting of a specialised unit of the Special Mobile Force, to assist disaster response operations from the National Emergency Operations Command, the Local Emergency Operations Commands and the Regional Emergency Operations Command. Community Disaster Response Teams in specific flood prone areas under the Community Disaster Response Programme to assist vulnerable communities during extreme weather events and disasters. A Landslide Management Unit has been set up in 2008 at the Ministry of Public Infrastructure and Land Transport to carry out investigations and propose remedial mitigating measures for specific areas prone to landslides. The setting up of a Land Drainage Authority (2017) for the development and implementation of a Land Drainage Master Plan to increase our resilience against flash floods through the construction of new drains, upgrading and rehabilitation of existing drain structures, dredging of rivers and construction of retaining walls. (CC Division). 428. Furthermore, Government has placed climate change high on its agenda and is fully committed to put Mauritius on the track of sustainable development by promoting a low carbon economy pathway as well as building resilience against the growing threats of climate change. The Government Programme 2015-2019 as well as the Vision 2030, which was spelt out by Government, have put much emphasis on building a climate change resilient nation and have left no stone unturned to meet adaptation and mitigation objectives, and to abide to all international obligation requirements. 429. It is noteworthy that to date Mauritius has invested significant amount of its resources in both adaptation and mitigation measures, despite its limited means. According to a recent study published in 2018 by the UNDP and the Ministry of Finance and Economic development, entitled “Tracking Public Sector Environment Expenditure (TPSEE)”, Mauritius has invested up to 2.15% of its GDP annually, that is, roughly MUR 10.3 billion (which include grant funding) representing 77% on adaptation and 23 % on mitigation measures. 430. Mauritius is also party to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement, the Kyoto Protocol, the Sendai Framework as well as the SIDS Accelerated Modalities of Action (S.A.M.O.A) Pathway. Mauritius is doing its fair share to implement 147