cashew nuts. 20. Recently, economic growth has not been translated into improved social development, since public investments in social sectors are still low. 21. The Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, revealed that 80% of people between 15 and 25 years of age, live below the poverty line. 69% of the population lives on less than USD 2 per day. 22. The country currently ranks 178th among 188 countries in the Human Development Index (IDH), with an IDH of 0.424. The IDH of Guinea-Bissau, remains below the averages of 0.523 of the Sub-Saharan African countries and 0.497 of the group of countries with low human development. Women contribute with 90%, of family income, which generally has little control over the family economy (INE 2009). 23. Agriculture employs about 80% of the population and accounts for three quarters (¾), of export earnings, more than half of which are from cashew nuts. They contribute to the improvement of the country's economic situation, according to fluctuations in international prices, weather conditions and fishing activities. 24. Children face many violations of their rights, including practices, such as female genital mutilation, early marriage, and child labor. Physical abuse is accepted as a way of educating and reprimanding, to be useful to society. In Guinea-Bissau, children are passive members in the decision-making sphere. _____________________ 2 UNDP «Humam_development_report_2016, available at: htt: hdr.org/sites/defaul/files/2016_humam development_report.pdf». 25. In Guinea-Bissau, according to the modern pedagogical guidelines of the Ministry of Education, corporal punishment in public and private schools, is prohibited. However, in the community and within the family, the child continues to be the victim of various forms of violence, including neglect, ill-treatment and abuses. 26. In Guinea-Bissau, about 80% of children between 2 and 14 years of age, have suffered psychological or physical punishment from their parents, guardians or other members of their household (MICS 2006). This situation, may be the result of persistent social inequalities and regional asymmetries that have negative effects on children's lives. 27. Despite these constraints, the Government of Guinea-Bissau, civil societies and development partners, have been making efforts to ensure that more children enjoy their rights through legislation and implementation of policies and programs already adopted, for the welfare of the child. II. METHODOLOGY OF WORK 2.1. The Methodology for the Drafting of the Report on the Implementation of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, is based on: 28. The requirements defined in the Terms of Reference, are made public by the 9