nature of reporting as different ministries and agencies share responsibilities for monitoring progress on ratifications and managing compliance. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the coordinating ministry while line ministries - with support from the Ministry of Justice and the Law Reform Commission - take responsibility for incorporating the ratified instruments into national law. 110. Human Rights instruments, unlike other instruments, impose reporting obligations on Member States. The CRM established that Tanzania does not have a good record of reporting on compliance with the ratified human rights instruments. For those instruments that it has ratified, the updated status of Tanzania’s compliance with reporting obligations as at 2008 showed a number of long overdue reports (Table 3.3). These include reports on the ICESCR (due since 1990), the ICCPR report (since 2002), to CEDAW (since 1998) to CERD (since 1987), and those to the CRC (since 2004).   Table 3.3: Reporting Status of Human Rights Instruments Instrument 1 The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of 2 3 4 5 6 2007 Year Report was considered or will be considered 2009 2007 2009 2004 2005 Report last submitted No. Racial Discrimination (CERD) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) CRC Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflicts 7 CRC Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography 8 9 The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights Report African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child 2004 To be considered in November 2012 2006 2007 2008 2007 2007   2008 2004       2009 Source: Legal Affairs Unit, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, March 2012. 111. Persistent delays in reporting and submitting reports to treaty monitoring bodies is worrying and should be addressed. The CRM was informed that the reasons for this include: lack of a permanent and capable staff assigned to focus on drafting reports; and, an expanded workload for key Ministries. The challenge for Tanzania is to complete the backlog of reports based on an uneven schedule, and with a rising number of initial and separate periodic reports as more instruments are ratified. 112. The CRM noted Tanzania’s successful participation in the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) where it presented a national report on the state of human rights to the 12th Session of the Human Rights Council. The ultimate value of the UPR lies in the extent to which recommendations are fully and promptly implemented and do improve human rights at the national level. Overall, there was no evidence about which UPR recommendations Tanzania supported and how Government and other national actors such as Parliament and CSOs intended to implement them. 113. Tanzania urgently needs to ratify the instruments listed below to address the following concerns: natural resources management; water and environmental pollution; the impact of climate change; sustainable livelihoods for the youth and their need to participate in decision-making; the potential impact of terrorism in the region; and, insecurity from piracy along the East African coast. The instruments below would assist in the sustainable management of natural resources, managing any conflicts that may arise as investments increase, combating 44