21. A National Secretariat was set up to support day-to-day operations while four technical research institutions were identified to undertake the self-assessment exercise. The Government of Tanzania also made adequate budgetary provisions for the national process. These developments fully epitomise the United Republic of Tanzania’s commitment to the process. 1.2.1 The APRM Country Support Mission and the Follow-up Mission 22. The first Country Support Mission (CSM) to Tanzania was undertaken in 2006. The overall objective of the CSM was to review Tanzania’s progress in arranging to carry out the peer review. 23. Three years later, delays in implementing the APRM process led the APR Panel to organise a follow up mission – the Country Support Follow-up Mission (CSFM) to Tanzania – which visited the country on 3 - 4 March 2009. The team was led by Prof. Adebayo Adedeji, member of the APRM Panel of Eminent Persons at the time and leader for the Tanzania governance assessment process. 24. This visit was necessary because a long time had elapsed since the 2006 Country Support Mission. In the course of the Follow-up Mission, members of the National Governing Council, State and Non-State Actors and the proposed Technical Research Institutions worked with the team on the self-assessment process. The CSFM agreed with the NGC on the road map for the Tanzanian process. In this road map, Tanzania was to be peer reviewed in January 2010. However, this did not happen for a number of reasons, including the Tanzania general elections that were held in October 2010. 1.2.2 Methodology Used for the Country Self-Assessment Technical Assessment Teams 25. Four Technical Assessment Teams (TATs) were selected to carry out the governance assessment in the four thematic areas. Three came from the following departments at the University of Dar es Salaam: the Department of Political Science and Public Administration (Democracy and Political Governance); the Department of Economics (Economic Governance and Management); and, the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (Corporate Governance). The Assessment of governance in the Socio-economic Development thematic area was done by the Research on Poverty Alleviation (REPOA). Also a team of experts from the University of Dar es Salaam’s Statistics Department carried out expert- and household-level perception surveys. The four TATs were tasked with preparing the CSAR. 26. Household and expert opinion surveys were conducted in all 26 regions of Tanzania (both Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar) to elicit people’s opinions on governance. A different survey for corporate organisations was conducted with a view to establishing gaps in governance and best practice in their country operations. Opinions and investigations on governance submitted by key social groups, mostly made up of leading CSOs, were also incorporated into the reports. Finally, the opinion survey findings were incorporated into the desk research and discussed by stakeholders. The reports were then subjected to quality assurance and validation by stakeholders. Finally, the thematic area reports were consolidated into a single report: the Country Self Assessment Report (CSAR) with its accompanying Preliminary National Program of Action (NPoA), aimed at addressing the identified gaps in governance. 27. For the expert survey, a total of 110 experts were interviewed. This included 3 experts from each of the 25 regions and 35 experts from Dar-es-Salaam Region. It was also planned that at least one woman be selected from each region and that at least 17 women be selected from Dar-es-Salaam region. 28. For the Household Survey, a sampling procedure similar to the 2002 Population and Housing Census was used to select rural and urban areas for sampling purposes. The sample had a total of 65 sampling locations out of which 48 were in rural areas and 17 in urban areas. The sample also took into account gender balance that is, out of the total of 42 respondents required from each rural location, 21 were women and the other 21 were men. Similarly, out of the 34 respondents required from each of the urban locations, 17 were women and the 26