Other efforts have been taken up by publicly and privately owned institutions with the vision of ensuring continuing education for those who have not had the chance to attend regular programs offered by these institutions. Academic freedom and institutional autonomy are fully maintained in all institutions of higher education throughout the country. THE RIGHT TO CULTURE Constitutional Guarantee Every individual has the right to culture. Under the Constitution, equality of languages and preservation of historical and cultural legacies are guaranteed. Under Article 39 of the Constitution which provides for the rights of nationalities, states that “Every Nation, Nationalities and Peoples of Ethiopia have the constitutional right to speak, write and develop their own language; to express, to develop their culture and to preserve their history.” Significant efforts have been undertaken to preserve heritage and cultural sites in many parts of the country. The constitution provides that the Government shall have the duty to support, on the basis of equality, the growth and enrichment of all cultures and traditions that are compatible with fundamental rights, human dignity, democratic norms and the ideals and provisions of the Constitution. Article 91 of the Constitution, gives the Government the duty, to the extent its resources permit, to support the development of the arts, science and technology. It further provides that the Government and all Ethiopian citizens have the duty to protect the country‟s natural endowments, historical sites and objects. The Constitution in article 34, which discusses marital, personal and family rights; gives recognition to marriage concluded under systems of religious or customary laws. The Constitution does not preclude the adjudication of disputes relating to personal and family laws in accordance with religious or customary laws, with the consent of the parties to the dispute. Policy Measures The following policies may be mentioned in this regard: The Cultural Policy/ and the Sport Policy  Education and Training Policy Policy Legislative Measures 88

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