In   addition   to   the   above   an   Appeals   and   Complaints   process   set   up   in   2007   has   enhanced   transparency   in   the   procurement   process.   Since   its   inauguration,   the   Appeals   and   Complaints   Unit   has   considered   29   (administrative   review)   ranging   from   various   procurement   complaints   such  as:     • • • • • • Wrongful  manipulation  of  specifications   Discrimination  in  the  award  of  contracts   Unfair  treatment  in  the  tender  process   Wrongful  termination  of  contract   Misrepresentation  of  facts  and  figures  in  evaluation  report   Wrongful  manipulation  of  adjusted  rates  to  out-­‐price  a  competing  tender  etc.   Out  of  the  29,  14  have  been  successfully  concluded  with  15  still  under  consideration.   To  ensure  that  there  is  adequate  Human  Resource  to  implement  the  Act,  the  PPA  has  initiated  a   number   of   training   programs   to   improve   the   quality   of   personnel   in   the   procurement   sector.   The   Authority   has   trained   7,000   procurement   practitioners   and   members   of   Entity   Tender   Committees.   There   is   also   medium   and   long   term   training   programmes   being   supported   by   the   Millennium   Challenge   Authority   for   practitioner   with   varied   academic   and   professional   background.  Furthermore  15  –  24  month  training  has  been  designed  for  HND  Purchasing  and   Supply   students.   This   programme   started   in   October   2008   with   the   identification   of   training   institutions.   There   is   also   an   arrangement   for   a   4   year   Bachelor   in   Procurement   degree   to   be   offered  by  Universities  and  Polytechnic.   The   implementation   of   the   Procurement   Act   comes   with   it   a   lot   of   challenges.   A   research   by   Send  Foundation  on  the  School  Feeding  Programme  has  indicated  that  about  58%  of  districts  do   not   comply   with   laid   down   procedures   in   procurement   related   to   the   project.   Some   of   the   reasons   are   attributed   to   cumbersome   and   long   procedures,   non   availability   of   funds   to   enable   competitive  bidding  and  interference  by  high  officials  in  procurement.  There  has  also  been  the   call  by  implementers  to  review  the  threshold  upwards,  reduce  the  cost  of  Tender  documents,   reduce  delays  in  evaluation  of  tenders,  ensure  transparency  in  opening  of  bids  and  reduce  the   2%  bid  security.           54    

Select target paragraph3